vinoj - Article Abstracts

Article Abstracts

Abraham ,Vinoj(2007) Growth and Inequality of Wages in India: RecentTrends and Patterns, Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Vol 50, No.4, Dec, 2007

Abstract: Analysis of NSS unit level data shows that wage growth had declined between 1993-94 and 2004-05 for both regular employees and casual workers. The decline in growth rate of wages has been particularly severe for regular workers such that there was an absolute decline in wage rate during the period 1999-2004. Regional trends show that slow down of wage growth is spreading epidemically to all parts of the country. Wage Inequality does not seem to be accentuating between educational categories, while it is widening within educational categories. But wage Inequality seems to be widening between service sector and other sectors, while wage inequality between manufacturing and agriculture sector is declining. Within-sector inequality also is increasing in the service sector while it is declining in the manufacturing sector and agriculture sector. These trends in wage growth and disparity may be central in explaining the observed rise of self employment and worsening of income inequality. They also throw light on probable changes in distribution of the value added.

Abraham,Vinoj (2007)Employee Attrition in Indian Software Industry : Patterns and Proximate Factors, Labour and Development ,Vol12 No.2 and Vol 13 No.1

Abstract: In the wake of high inter-firm rivalry and poaching of workers in the software industry this study sought to understand the patterns of employee attrition and its determinants. The study, based on a survey, reports high degree of worker attrition. An ordered logit approach to analyzing the quitting behaviour of workers in the software industry shows that while skill upgradation and informal learning are important factors that affect their decision to stay or quit; their educational background is not. Higher salary in general prevents the worker from moving to another firm, but only up to a certain level.

Sharma , R.K. and Vinoj Abraham (2005)The growth of Service Sector Income and Employment in India: A Regional Analysis,Indian Economic Journal, Vol53, No.3

Abstract: A regional analysis of the growth of Income and employment in service sector shows that the poorer states have experienced a greater deceleration in Service employment growth rates than their acceleration in Service income growth rates while the richer states have, in general a greater acceleration in Service sector income compared to their deceleration in employment growth. Such regional variations in the growth patterns would cause widening disparities in per capita income between the rich and the poorer states. For sustained growth of income and employment within the economy, along with poverty reduction in the economy there is need for a vibrant symbiotic growth of secondary and services sector. Such growth needs to be regionally balanced so as to mitigate regional disparities.

Abraham, Vinoj and R.K.Sharma (2005) New Technology and The Emerging Labour Market in India:A Study of Indian IT Industry,Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Vol 48, No.4, Dec, 2005

Abstract: A sample survey among the workers in the ICT industry reveals the rise of new labour market conditions such as high skill intensity, rapid skill obsolescence and continuous re-skilling, flattening of job hierarchies and hastening of climbing up hierarchies, highly individualised and flexible nature of wage fixation. Given the wide inter-firm wage variations there is high degree of inter-firm movement of workers. Interestingly, these new labour market conditions are being successfully manoeuvred by a section of the industry to their advantage. From the patterns in the training facilities availed by the workers it apparently suggests that large firms are providing this facility of training, not only to enhance productivity, but also to attract and retain workers in the firm. Large firms are also offering higher salaries and benefits to their workers in comparison to their smaller counterparts. This is another way in which larger firms are pricing out smaller firms in the skill scarce IT industry. The larger firms are using these labour related tools to attract skill from other firms, while smaller firms and firms in less agglomerating regions have no choice but to either diversify into lower value adding services such as ITES and BPOs.

Joseph, K.J. and Vinoj Abraham (2005), Moving Up or Lagging Behind in Technology? Evidence from an Estimated Index of Technological Competence of India's ICT Sector , in volume ICTs and Indian Economic Development: Economy, Work, Regulations; edited by Ashwani Saith and Vijayabhaskar, Sage Publications, 2005

To the extent that the presence of a technologically dynamic ICT sector can be helpful in harnessing ICT for development and technological capability is the key to sustain the current comparative advantage, the present paper made an attempt towards analyzing the technology strategies of firms operating in the India�s ICT sector. Since the conventional measures of innovation, developed mostly in the context of goods producing sectors, has its limits in capturing innovation in a service sector like ICT, we have developed an Index of Claimed Technological Competence (ICTC) using firm level information on their areas of specialization. The theoretical base of the index has been drawn from the literature on technological opportunity

Abraham, Vinoj (2005), ICTs and Labour Market in India: Present Structure and Issues for Further Research, in the volume ; Industrialisation, Economic Reforms and Regional Development edited by S.K.Thorat, Jaya Prakash Pradhan and Vinoj Abraham, Shipra Publications, New Delhi

On the demand side, productivity, skill demand and consequently the wage rates in the ICT sector would decide the sustainability of the sector in future. On the supply side the availability of ICT skills may require further attention. Similarly the changing labour market characteristics in the ICT sector and its impact on the worker need to be analysed to understand the socio-economic condition of the worker in the ICT sector. In the ICT �using sector the issues of labour productivity, skill biasness and displacement of labour are areas that require attention in the context of research in developing economies.

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	Vinoj Abraham